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CASPIAN PETRO SAZEH Trading Ltd. with over 20 year’s experience of international trading with most largest manufacture and trader company in the world, is able to supply COPPER ORE listed with the competitive price, service, and long term contract ship to any safe port of the world at shortest time with specification as following:
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About Copper
Copper is a chemical element with the symbol Cu (Latin: cuprum) and atomic number 29. It is a ductile metal with excellent electrical conductivity and is rather supple in its pure state and has a pinkish luster which is (beside gold) unusual for metals which are normally silvery white. It finds use as a heat conductor, an electrical conductor, as a building material, and as a constituent of various metal alloys.
Copper is an essential trace nutrient to all high plants and animals. In animals, including humans, it has found, primarily in the bloodstream, as a co-factor in various enzymes, and in copper-based pigments. However, in sufficient amounts, copper can be poisonous and even fatal to organisms.
Copper has played a significant part in the history of mankind, which has used the easily accessible uncompounded metal for thousands of years. Several early civilizations have early evidence of using copper. During the Roman Empire, copper was principally mining on Cyprus, hence the origin of the name of the metal as Cyprium, "metal of Cyprus", later shortened to Cuprum.
A number of countries, such as Chile and the United States, still have sizable reserves of the metal, which are extracted through large open pit mines; however, like tin there may be insufficient reserves to sustain current rates of consumption. High demand relative to supply has caused a price spike in the 2000s
Copper also has a significant presence as a decorative metal art. It can also be use as an anti-germ surface that can add to the anti-bacterial and antimicrobial features of buildings such as hospitals.
General Information
Name, symbol, number copper, Cu, 29
Chemical series transition metals
Group, period, block 11, 4, d
Appearance metallic bronze
Standard atomic weight 63.546(3) g·mol−1
Electron configuration [Ar] 3d10 4s1
Electrons per shell 2, 8, 18, 1
Physical properties
Phase solid
Density (near r.t.) 8.96 g·cm−3
Liquid density at m.p. 8.02 g·cm−3
Melting point 1357.77 K
(1084.62 °C, 1984.32 °F)
Boiling point 2835 K
(2562 °C, 4643 °F)
Heat of fusion 13.26 kJ·mol−1
Heat of vaporization 300.4 kJ·mol−1
Specific heat capacity (25 °C) 24.440 J·mol−1·K−1
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| Atomic properties |
Crystal structure face centered cubic
0.3610 nm
Oxidation states +1, +2, +3, +4
(Mildly basic oxide)
Electro negativity 1.90 (Pauling scale)
Ionization energies
(more) 1st: 745.5 kJ·mol−1
2nd: 1957.9 kJ·mol−1
3rd: 3555 kJ·mol−1
Atomic radius 128 pm
Atomic radius (calc.) 145 pm
Covalent radius 138 pm
Van der Waals radius 140 pm
Miscellaneous
Magnetic ordering diamagnetic
Electrical resistivity (20 °C) 16.78 nΩ·m
Thermal conductivity (300 K) 401 W·m−1·K−1
Thermal expansion (25 °C) 16.5 µm·m−1·K−1
Speed of sound (thin rod) (r.t.) (annealed)
3810 m·s−1
Young's modulus 110 - 128 GPa
Shear modulus 48 GPa
Bulk modulus 140 GPa
Poisson ratio 0.34
Mohs hardness 3.0
Vickers hardness 369 MPa
Brinell hardness 874 MPa
CAS registry number 7440-50-8
Selected isotopes
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